Saturday, August 31, 2019

Motivating Middle School Boys

Motivation of Middle School Boys in Math Class Abstract Middle school is a time of physical, emotional and social change for boys. When students hit middle school, academics tend to take a back seat to all of the new activity in their lives. For boys, middle school is increasingly difficult. In addition to the physical and emotional changes, the academic curriculum becomes more challenging and rigid. This does not align with a typical boy's learning style. Many boys in middle school are struggling through hard times at home.Situations may include challenges such as little to no parental support, poverty, and malnutrition. With all of the possible circumstances disrupting their home lives, it is hard for these boys to concentrate on how to solve an equation in math class. Teachers need to motivate boys by providing relevant, hands-on curriculum. Three ways that teachers can do this is by including family members in the classroom, using friendly competition in the form of games and con tests, and by relating mathematical lessons and material to real-life situations and interests that the boys might have. IntroductionBy seventh grade, most students have had years of poor attendance, little parental support, and many other issues related to poverty. They simply do not see the importance of mathematics in everyday life and how math can lead to better things for them. Males, in particular, want to continue the lifestyle they were raised in; showing little to no effort when it comes to the math classroom. This paper discusses three reasons why mathematics teachers should incorporate meaningful motivation strategies as a tool to motivate middle school males in the mathematics classroom. Including Family in the ClassroomOne way that teachers can help to motivate boys in the middle school classroom is to include their families in the classroom. The relationship between family and school influences the academic achievement of middle school students. These family relationsh ips and parental involvement mold students’ educational development drastically. Murdock and Miller (2003) refer to family as a major influence in how middle school boys deal with learning, peers, and motivation. They state â€Å"families play the most important role in students’ lives as they transition from elementary school to middle school†.The absence of a parent can play a very important role in the success of a student, so when the student sees that there is a connection between the classroom and their family, they are motivated to succeed. Middle school math teachers should try their best to create a sense of family cohesion and teamwork in the classroom. Teachers can do this by always making sure parents are aware of what is happening in the classroom, keeping the lines of communication open, and even incorporating projects that might need the student to work with a member of their family to complete it.Haim Ginott’s theory of congruent communica tion states that teachers should always use communication that is harmonious with students’ feelings about situations (Charles, 2008). This can be applied to idea of including families in the classroom because teachers need to keep the lines of communication open not only with their students, but with their students’ families. By taking the time to talk to students about situations arising in the classroom, it will be easy for teachers to communicate with parents about similar situations and the lack of motivation within the classroom.When students know that their families are involved in their academics, they are more inclined to succeed in the classroom. Introduce Competition Next, a second way that teachers can help to motivate middle school boys while in the classroom is to include the use of different games and contests. Most boys respond well to competition with their peers. They will force one another to greater speeds, improved accuracy and higher achievement i n the name of winning. Boys thrive on competition, so any type of game or activity that allows them to go against a peer in a competitive manner will motivate them to perform.In the following quote, Conti explains why he believes that competitions in the math classroom can spark an interest in math for boys. â€Å"Mathematics competitions are probably the extracurricular academic programs with the widest participation. The most immediate value of these math contests is obvious – they pique students’ interest in mathematics and encourage them to value intellectual pursuits. Boys love games, and many will turn just about any activity into a contest, or in other words, something to get good at.Math contests thus inspire them to become good at mathematics just like sports encourage physical fitness. Eventually, students put aside the games. By then, hopefully an interest in the underlying activity has developed† (Conti, 2001). Teachers should create competitions by having students race against one another to solve math problems or turning a test review into a basketball game, allowing students to shoot a basket for every correct answer. The teacher could also place students in groups and award points based on certain behaviors and completed tasks.A prize would be awarded to the group with the highest score at the end of the week. Jacob Kounin would agree with this point based on his theory of lesson momentum and withitness. Kounin believes that classroom teachers should be able to do a multitude of things at one time, including presenting motivating and engaging lessons, managing the class, and being aware of the classroom surroundings (Charles, 2008). He states that good teachers keep students from getting bored or otherwise frustrated with lessons.By including competition in the form of games and contests in the classroom, the teacher is able to keep the boys motivated with a lesson while still controlling the needs of the class. When boys k now they have a chance to show off their skills by winning something, they will immediately become engaged and motivated to participate. Provide Connections to Real-Life Therefore, a third way that middle school math teachers can motivate boys within the classroom is to connect the material to real-life applications.Students, particularly those who come from backgrounds that undervalue education, will benefit from this strategy. Stein (1993) expressed his belief in real-world connections revolving around math lessons by stating â€Å"Because students often feel that mathematics is the subject least relevant to their daily lives, it is an important arena in which teachers can attempt to incorporate students’ funds of knowledge in the context of culturally relevant mathematics instruction†. For middle school boys, school itself is often the least important factor in their lives.Teachers can tap into their focus by relating topics to important interests in their lives. On e way for teachers to do that is to use democratic teaching; a theory of Rudolf Dreikurs. Democratic teaching occurs in a classroom in which the teacher and students work together to make decisions about how the class will function (Charles, 2008). This applies to the idea of connecting math with real-world situations. Students want to know how what they are learning will benefit them in their future lives.By brainstorming different topics and careers that the students are interested in, the teacher can then develop lessons that explain how those interests or careers are affected by mathematics. Teachers should show boys how math affects their everyday lives in areas such as: household maintenance, calculating car mileage, budgeting, making larger purchases (cars and houses), or solving problems that are important to them. Connecting math to future careers can also help to motivate boys in math class.Many unmotivated boys do not realize the importance of math for success in college or the role that math plays in careers that are not overtly math-oriented. Stein also claimed that by using problems that interest and excite the students' curiosity, students are keen to develop important problem-solving strategies. These strategies can be applied in everyday situations, not just in the mathematics classroom. Conclusion The use of meaningful and male-related motivational strategies in middle school mathematics classrooms are a great way to motivate and help boys succeed.Most boys are very intelligent when it comes to numbers and math, however it may seem â€Å"too cool† to get good grades and to apply yourself. Middle school is where students generally begin to find themselves, and a determined teacher can help to motivate students to choose the right path. A teacher’s responsibility is to make sure they have done everything in their power to help their students succeed. This means reaching out to parents, changing lessons to fit the needs of the unmo tivated students in the classroom, and changing your classroom management strategies to help engage and excite the students.With little to no parental support or guidance for many boys in the classroom, a male math teacher may be exactly what these boys need. But will these same strategies work with a female math teacher? References: Charles, C. M. (2008). Twentieth-Century Pioneers in Classroom Discipline. Building Classroom Discipline (Ninth Edition). Boston: Pearson. Conti, R. , Collins, M. A. , & Picariello, M. L. (2001). The impact of competition on intrinsic motivation and creativity: Considering gender, gender segregation nd gender role orientation. Personality and Individual Differences, 31(8), 1273- 1289 Grossman, H. (2004). Classroom behavior management for diverse and inclusive schools. (3rd edition). Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. Murdock, T. , Miller, A. (2003). Teachers as Sources of Middle School Students’ Motivational Identity: Variable-Centered and Person-Ce ntered Analytic Approaches. The Elementary School Journal, 103(4), 383-399. Stein, S. L. (1993). Young's vision. The Mathematics Teacher, 86, 330-333.

Friday, August 30, 2019

Formal Lab Report Essay

Human reaction times vary person to person and often increase with age. This change in reaction time can have little impact on a person’s daily life, such as when answering a ringing telephone. But this change can also have a dramatic impact when driving, working in dangerous environments, and negotiating busy streets and sidewalks. Literature Search â€Å"Reaction time has been used as a psychological test since the mid-19th century (Deary, 1). † Several studies have been conducted dealing with reaction time and the factors that can affect it. In their study titled â€Å"Validation of reaction time as a measure of cognitive function and quality of life in healthy subjects and patients†, Jakobsen, Sorensen, et al studied and reported findings regarding diminished reaction times and the effect that poor health had on those times. Findings were conclusive that the healthier the individual, the better their responses. Hypothesis Individual’s reaction time with their dominant hand is faster than those with their non-dominant hand. Conversely, there may be no statistically valid difference in the reaction time from one hand to the other. Experiment To test the variance in reaction time from dominant hand to non-dominant hand we set up an experiment using a simple reaction time test found in the free marketplace on an Android telephone. This application required the user to touch one of four colored stars that match the color of an identified star in the upper right hand corner. The subject was asked to repeat this response 20 times and the total time was scored as the reaction time. If a subject made an incorrect â€Å"touch† then their time would continue until the correctly touched 20 stars. The subject would then be ask to repeat this test with their non-dominant hand. To standardize the testing instructions were provided by my team mates and it was decided that the subject would place the device on a flat surface in front of them and use the index finger on first their dominant hand and then their non-dominant hand. Data was collected for 30 random subjects and analysis performed. Data Analysis Data collected from the 30 random subjects was input and the following summary statistics were produced. Dominant Hand Mean Reaction Time (D)| | | 18. 865 sec. | Median Reaction Time (D)| | | 17. 264 sec. | Variance (D)| | | 28. 235 sec. | Standard Deviation (D)| | | 5. 314 sec. | Non-dominant Hand Mean Reaction Time (N)| | | 17. 734 sec. | Median Reaction Time (N)| | 16. 412 sec. | Variance (N)| | | 16. 130 sec. | Standard Deviation (N)| | | 4. 016 sec. | The graphs below illustrate the mean for each hand as well as error with in plus or minus one standard deviation. Conclusion After conducting this experiment and reviewing the data, a few things became clear. One is that age of the subject had a significant impact on results with both hands. This is presumed to be the result of the interaction with a new technology. Younger subjects seemed to grasp the concept of what they were expected to do more quickly. Second, in this case, familiarity did not breed contempt, but it did breed faster reaction times. As subjects became more comfortable with the application they were using, their response times decreased. The later of these two factors had a more global effect on our outcomes, thus disproving our hypothesis in this case. I do not believe these results to be conclusive or authoritative and simply put, more research is needed. References Deary, I. J. , Liewald, D. & Nissan, J. (2011) A free, easy-to-use, computer-based simple and four-choice reaction time programme: The dearly-liewald reaction time task. Behavior Research Methods (Online), 43(1), 258-268. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/920259801? accountid=39001 Jakobsen, L. H. , Sorensen, J. M. , Rask, I. K. , Jensen, B. S. , & Kondrup, J. (2011). Validation of reaction time as a measure of cognitive function and quality of life in healthy subjects and patients. Nutrition, 27(5), 561-570. Doi: http://dx. doi. org/10. 1016/j. nut. 2010. 08. 003 Norman, Celia (2011). General Biology 111: Laboratory Manual. Denver, CO: Department of Biology, Arapahoe Community College.

Thursday, August 29, 2019

Book Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 8

Book Review - Essay Example Callon and his co-authors state that they cannot leave decisions regarding, â€Å"GMOs, mad cow disease (BSE), treatment of household waste, gene therapy, nuclear waste, asbestos, genetic diagnosis, cell phones, and tobacco†2. In addition to the above issues, these authors discuss regarding the anthropogenic problem of global warming, which they admit that remains a challenge to global leaders. Examining all that have been said concerning global warming, one realizes the impact of decisions made regarding the problem of global warming. Particularly, the authors address the impacts of global warming in the wake of industrialization in the Third World countries, which have merely realized the economic benefits of industrialization such as lengthened lifespan and food security. This book is essential since it focuses on the decisions to be made by the specialists concerning various issues affecting the lives of many people around the globe. This paper provides a book review of Callon and co-authors’ book: Acting in an Uncertain World: An Essay on Technical Democracy. To begin, it is essential to understand the fact that Callon et al. do not want to replace the democratic institutions. Through their book, they try to explain the significance of these institutions being enriched, improved, expanded, and extended to create a technical democracy. They further indicate that it is essential to make our democracies, â€Å"absorb the arguments aroused by science and technology†3.The authors are solely interested in hybrid forums since they are open space where groups come together with the aim of discussing the collective options representing heterogeneousexperts, lawyers, technicians, laypersons and politicians. These are some of the people involved in the decision-making process concerning the problem facing people in an uncertain world. The problems are considered hybrid because they must be

Wednesday, August 28, 2019

Fashion Designer Employment Status Report Assignment

Fashion Designer Employment Status Report - Assignment Example Realistically, since I am still a starter on this career, I will take on any opportunity that I will be offered to be able to showcase my ability. This will entail attending any beauty pageant that I am able to so that I can sharpen my designing skills. I am constantly seeking growth as an artist while trying to enjoy the process as much as I can. I feel that if I enjoy myself while working on a piece that I am designing, the pleasure will help me put in that extra effort that is necessary to make the piece truly polished. Even though I am so passionate, there are moments when I feel there is something holding me back. This often happens when I have conversations with my parents regarding my future. They always ask me questions that I do not want to answer due to the fact that they consider I do not take my life seriously. However, I am motivated to pursue my career in the fashion design industry due to the fact that this industry has grown up a lot in the past 20 years. It has become a large part of the creative industry hence competitive; as such there is no guarantee that one can be successful. Despite the fact that it is extremely hard to get established in this industry, there are some things that I can do to make myself get a better chance of getting noticed. I believe that I can work hard and produce great work at college hence recognition. The quality of my work is my biggest philosophy; I believe that this is the greatest tool that I have to boost me to achieve my goals. Currently, I am a student in the Academy of Art University majoring in Costume Design. Since joining this university, I have seen how to design in my own way so that I am comfortable designing each piece in the shortest amount of time but still keep developing my own style. In order to gain my own style is to take the next step. According to Careers in Fashion, p.1, fashion marketing careers are highly competitive, so the more you can learn from fashion school, the better prepared you will be.  At the moment I am a student and my next step is to gain experience in the business field.  

Tuesday, August 27, 2019

No need for topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

No need for topic - Essay Example In ‘Underneath At All’ section, Jack Welch talks about mission and values, Candor differentiation and voice along with dignity. The ‘Your Company’ section is characterized by the aspects of leadership, hiring, people management and crisis management among others. Then again, ‘Your Competition’ deals with aspects such as strategy, budgeting and six sigma among others which are vital for remaining successful within a competitive landscape. Finally, ‘Your Career’ comprises the aspects such as right job, hard spots and work life balance (Welch 1-363). Opinion. From personal opinion, it can be stated that the book is about ‘winning’. The author Jack Welch has provided several key ideas regarding what it takes an organization and an individual to win. It also provided information about ethical aspects and the requirements to win in an honest way. An entire section of the book is allocated to describe the concepts of mission and values of an organization and the requirement to implant them in the organizational work culture (Welch 1-363). The book provides various good lessons concerning leadership and strategy. The author describes eight great things which successful leaders usually do. One of the overwhelming topics of the book is Candor, which is a truly influential ability for an individual. By reading the book, it is understood that Candor can assist in including more people in discussion, generating speed in work and reducing expenses. Furthermore, Candor can also remove unproductive politics in the organizational environment. However, this book acknowledges that if Candor is not utilized properly, it can ruin the organizational as well as career life (Welch 1-363). The most important facet of the book is that it discusses about winning from both personal as well as corporate viewpoint. For example, success of an employee can have a direct impact on the success of an

Monday, August 26, 2019

High Noon at Alpha Mills Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

High Noon at Alpha Mills Case - Essay Example Ever since its formation, the company has been recruiting top management staff from England and other UK countries with the majority of its employees being retired military and police personnel (Woods, 2009). A laborer by the name Mr. Ang Siow Lee first joined the company in 1965 at a tender age of 15 years where he rose to become the senior non-managerial staff in the company. Mr. Ang is a senior production supervisor at the company whereby his only superior is the mill manager and he has two junior supervisors to assist him in his work. The company has three shifts of 25 employees where each supervisor takes charge of one shift. As a manager, Mr. Ang is responsible for quite a number of tasks, which he carries out in the company. He oversees smooth daily operations at the company. Moreover, he is responsible for coordinating all the activities of all the three shifts of the company with his two supervisors. He also prepare the daily pro-action reports, and deals with short term human resource management matters as well as minor issues related with discipline in the company. Mr. Ang is also responsible for setting and evaluation of short-term performances that are targets for the compan y’s three shifts of employees (Springett, 2004). Mr. Ang also acts as an assistant for the manager, which means that he is responsible for all matters before they can send to the manager. In most cases, Mr. Ang successfully evaluates these issues and solves them before reaching the manager. To achieve this success, Mr. Ang has developed an efficient way of handling matters related to the company. In 1999, the palm oil industry in Malaysia faced very many challenges in which Mr. Ang was to play a part to stabilize the situation at Alpha Plantations Sdn. Bhp. The company experienced a plunge in the price of oil due to oversupply, where the prices of oil reduced to

Sunday, August 25, 2019

Definitions of Giftedness and Talent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Definitions of Giftedness and Talent - Essay Example The three traits are: above-average ability, creativity and task commitment. Renzulli (2011) suggests that special programs tend to favor children with above average ability and ignore those who may perform poorly academically but demonstrate a high level of task commitment. Renzulli (2011) sums everything in his own definition which suggests that giftedness can be defined as a sum of three basic clusters of human traits – above average general abilities, high level of task commitment, and high level of creativity. Gifted children are those capable of developing and applying these traits to valuable areas of human performance. For children to attain an effective interaction of these trait clusters, they should be provided with unique programs and services that are not available to ordinary instructional systems. This can be related to the definition of Gagne (2003) who suggests that giftedness is the possession and use of superior natural abilities to at least one area of ability, to a level where an individual appears among top 10% of his peers. These natural abilities are used to develop talents through a developmental process that uses environmental and interpersonal catalysts. Talents are defined as systematically developed skills, and include arts, social affection, business, academics, leisure and sports (Gagnà ©, 1999). Natural abilities are genetically determined and include: intellectual abilities, creative abilities, sensory abilities, and socio-affective abilities. Some of the interpersonal catalysts that can be used in the development process of giftedness include physical abilities e.g. health, motivation, self-management and personality. Environmental catalysts include: other people, culture and family, programs and events. From this definition by Gagne, it is clear that the concept of natural abilities brings the whole difference between Renzulli’s and Gagne’s definition. Although both

Saturday, August 24, 2019

Book review the goal by Eliyahu m. Geldratt Essay

Book review the goal by Eliyahu m. Geldratt - Essay Example This is the story as to how Alex turns the tables from a difficult situation in his production unit, and emerges successful. The wise saying goes, what you do is not important; how you do what you do is important, and Alex sees the truth in this assertion, by changing the strategies in administering the production and attending to the related issues in his plant. Eliyahu Goldratts "The Goal" is an entertaining novel and at the same time it is a thought provoking business book. Alex carries the problems of the plant to home resulting in adverse effects on his married life. The downward spiral at the plant needs to be arrested within the stipulated period of 90 days given to him by the top management. The Plant Manager happens to meet his Professor, Jonah, who diagnoses the problems of managing the plant and he tenders tangible solutions, to stem the rot. Alex begins to fix the issues one by one and realizes that they all have one terminating point. Jonah introduces to him the â€Å"Theory of Constraints.† The structure of the manufacturing plant is like the movement of an octopus, whose arms stretch in several directions simultaneously but the movement is set to a pattern ordained by Nature without which it cannot exist. Unintelligent planning is the root cause of malfunctioning in a production unit. The functioning and management of Alex’s plant owns all the negative traits and it is afflicted with loss-generating segments. All efficiency me trics are going red and own unhealthy existence. Alex has orders pending for two months behind the scheduled delivery date, his warehouse has $20 million in unsold finished goods, items that demand urgent delivery are being expedited by paying overtime to the workforce and it needs special handling obviously at extra cost, sales are on the decline due to delivery slippage, material costs have hit the roof, and the most annoying situation is his division is facing the cash crunch. The cumulative effect

Faith and Reason in the Early Christian Church Term Paper

Faith and Reason in the Early Christian Church - Term Paper Example The result is that the Gnostic view was used to inspire a subjective inquiry into the nature of mind, universe, and religion, whereas the Imperial or Orthodox construct was effective in building the social structures of the Church through formal, standardized expression of faith. This further translated into the growth of religious authority through the priesthood in orthodox Christianity, which ultimately resulted in Gnosticism being branded as heretical and its documents destroyed. Beginning with the two groups led symbolically by St. Paul and Simon Magus at the time of the life of Jesus and crucifixion, this division can be charted over the first four centuries of Christian evolution through the early leaders of the Christian church such as Justin Martyr, Clement of Alexandria, Origen, and Hippolytus through their preserved historical writings. Essential to the Gnostic view is the belief that Jesus taught on two levels to his disciples. Openly and publicly, he preached in parables and moral examples of a perennial wisdom that was radical enough to challenge existing tenets of Judaism and the doctrinal foundations of other schools present in the Mediterranean region at the time. Yet, secretly, according to the Gnostics, Jesus also taught his closest students the inner-aspects of the mysteries of God and the universe. Just as the Buddha is believed to have tailored his sermons to address the level of consciousness and moral development of the individuals he was speaking to directly at the time, resulting in different vehicles of salvation constructed according to the needs of the individuals who believed in and practiced the teachings, so too did Jesus in the Gnostic view. This can be seen further in the Gnostics preserving Gospels such as those recorded by Phillip and Thomas that were not accepted by the Orthodoxy in the construction of the New Testament. Critically, the leader of the Orthodox movement is St. Paul, who was not one of the direct disciples duri ng the lifetime of Jesus, but converts to the faith and becomes its most ardent champion historically in the early days of the church following the crucifixion. It can be argued, that if one accepts the distinction between esoteric and exoteric teachings as given by Jesus during his lifetime, that the absence of Paul from these events historically limits him to a textual interpretation of Christianity or encourages him to emphasize that aspect over the esoteric. In contrast are figures such as Simon Magus and Barnabas who represent the magical, mystical aspects of early Christian religion. As Miguel Conner writes in â€Å"The Great Declaration by Simon Magus,† â€Å"Simon Magus was almost universally called the Father of Gnosticism or the Father of All Heresies. Referring to him as the fountainhead of Gnostic ideology is odd, since Orthodox Christianity bragged it preceded Gnosticism yet openly admitted Simon Magus was a contemporary of Jesus... Beyond these ancient allegati ons, the legend of Simon Magus mutated throughout history. Along with Apollonius of Tyana and Hermes Trismegistus, Simon Magus is certainly both the prototype and archetype of the mercurial wizard in much of western folklore, literature and occult studies... The Great Declarat

Friday, August 23, 2019

Nanotechnology Applications in Medicine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nanotechnology Applications in Medicine - Essay Example Atiyeh states â€Å"silver is a viable treatment option for burns and open wounds† (Atiyeh 139). The technology of nano medicines has blessed the human mankind with some exhilarating aptitudes and possibilities. Nanomedicines have made it possible to transform various techniques that were previously in the stage of imagination and testing to their actual usage in the present era. The technology involving utilization of nanoparticles in medication is at present under augmentation. However, long term prospects of research in this field suggest that the nano-robots can be used to make adjustments at cellular level in the human body. The advantages of nanotechnology in the discipline of medicine could refashion the fate of medicine by apprehending and medicating the human body in any kind of ailments related to various diseases. The bright future of nanotechnology also advocates that those techniques that were imagined a few years before are now making fortunate progress towards r ealism. Application of Nanomedicine in Drug Delivery One remarkable appositeness of nanotechnology in the field of medicine is the employment of nanoparticles to convey medicines, heat, light and various other type of materials to the disease causing cells for example cancer cells. These nanoparticles are manipulated in a way that they are lured towards diseased cells and then directly treat these cells. By this technique injuries to the healthy cells are reduced and disease is encountered much earlier as compared to other techniques. Nanoparticles that are involved in the allocation of chemotherapy drugs to the cancer cells are under the process of advancement. The consummation of Phase 1 Clinical Trial of the directly targeted chemotherapy annihilator drugs are communicated by some organizations like CytImmune and BIND Biosciences (Torchilin, 282). Although the tests are in progress but their approval for the ultimately final administration on cancer sufferers is still imminent. T he utilization of heat along with chemotherapy medicines to the cancerous cell is another alternate form of nanomedicine that is used to treat cancer patients. The remarkable technique involves usage of gold nanorods to which DNA strands are adhered. These DNA fibers serve as platform and grasp collectively together the gold nanorod along with the chemotherapy medicines. When the cancerous cells are irradiated with infrared light, these rods suck up the infrared light and convert it into heat energy. The warm temperature helps to liberate the drug and obliterate the cancer cells. Research is also being executed to develop a nanoparticle that is able to skirmish viruses. The nanoparticle does not itself consist of the ability to devastate viruses but it clement an enzyme that diable the reproductive mechanism of viruses in the patient’s body. Another investigation is being done on nanoparticles that can treat neurological disorders by releasing medicines through the brain barr ier. Increasing immune reactions by combining the vaccine particles to DNA nanoparticles is another practice on which explorations are going on. These special vaccine molecules mark the white blood cells directly and enhance their immune response many folds. Nanomedicine Application in Therapy Techniques The nanoparticles made up of polyethylene glycol-hydrophilic carbon clusters (PEG-HCC) have the ability to absorb free radicals at an elevated speed than the original free radicals

Thursday, August 22, 2019

Blitz Spirit Essay Example for Free

Blitz Spirit Essay In this essay I will be arguing whether there was really a supposed blitz spirit in Britain during the war with Germany with Hitler the chancellor. The themes I will be focusing on throughout the essay and referring back to are; fear, tendency for victory, and abandonment. Firstly, starting off with a major for the argument. An extract from a letter from Humphrey Jennings to his wife in October 1940 explains how whilst living in London he saw the courage and joy from the British people at the darkest times and how every-one co-operated with each other. â€Å"What warmth – what courage! What determination. † He goes on t saying â€Å"Everyone secretly delighted with the privilege of holding up Hitler. Certain of beating him. † . which also tells us that first and foremost the morale of the public was high also that proud confident in themselves. This extract is focused on the theme of tendency for victory because they were certain of beating Hitler. However; this evidence might not be useful because even though it has come from a primary source, it was probably written in effort to comfort his wife with lies to ensure she isnt worried about him due to the situation in Britain. Although due to the time written, it could be deemed useful. Secondly a photograph taken early one morning after a raid in October 1940 shows a neat and well dressed milkman walking over the rubble and debris of the bombed buildings carrying milk. Which shows that the British kept their morale high (similar to previous) and continued on with their lives, no matter whatever the consequences. This extract is focused on tendency for victory aswell because they continued on working, even small jobs because ever little could make the difference was their thoughts. However this Evidence might not be useful because since the street was empty (as the shoot was scheduled early in the morning) we couldnt see anyone else apart from the milkman, hiding the others emotions, for all we know every-one couldve been depressed and slouching off. Also even-though the evidence came from a primary source; it couldve just been the Government motivating the country. But overall I think it might be useless. Onto the against for the argument. Firstly an account of life during a period of heavy air raids, written by Alice Bridges who lived in Birmingham explains how everyone had a fearful attitude â€Å"Will it be my turn next? † which tells us that they were afraid of the dominant Germans and didnt find the help of Britain enough. The theme of this extract is focused on fear, because they were afraid. This evidence is useful because not only does it come from a primary source but from a normal experienced citizen during the raids also has no reason to lie. Although there arent many reasons as to why this could not be useful but Alice Bridges couldve exaggerated the raids to seem better. But overall I think it might useful. Secondly a supposed Liverpool familys experience explains how they were left homeless for six months due to a heavy raid to the buildings whilst in the shelter. â€Å"We had nowhere to live except the shelter, and that was to be our home for six months. † Which tells us that there wasn’t much support and joy as they sound depressed and disappointed due to the lack of support either by others or the government? The theme of this extract focuses on abandonment because the government didnt help them, either by relocating or covering expenses. This evidence is useful because not only does it come from a primary source but from a normal experienced family during the raids also has no reason to lie. Although there arent many reasons as to why this could not be useful but the family couldve disclosed the support from others or the government to seem better. Although overall I think it might be useful. In conclusion I think there wasnt a blitz spirit due to the fact that the differences between the ‘for’ and ‘against’ sources aimed towards against as all the sources were at the time, whereas the for sources were either secondary sources published after the raid or just the government hypnotizing the public again.

Wednesday, August 21, 2019

Study on research methodology

Study on research methodology This philosophy was considered as a standard with which this research was designed. Outline of the methods that were employed to complete the research is discussed in this chapter. Saunders et al. (2009) states that any kind of study that can establish casual relationships between variables in the research can be called as Explanatory research. In this dissertation, both primary and secondary data is collected from appropriate audience. Both Qualitative method of data collection and Quantitative method are used. Richardson (2000), states that qualitative work cannot be easily comprehended through graphical representations and thus it carries its meaning in the entire text. To ensure that the data are telling us the same thing that we think they are telling us and to reduce bias error, Triangulation method is also employed. This method of research was deemed to be the best for the purpose of this research. 3.1 The Research Onion Saunders et al. (2006) gives an extensive and explicit differentiation about the ways in which a research can be carried out. Right from the first layer of Philosophy of research followed by Approach, Strategy, Choice, Time Horizon and Technique and Procedure respectively. Each layer is vital to the skeleton the structure of the dissertation. Detailed study of the issues underlying the choice of data collection techniques and analysis procedures lead the researcher to this research (Figure 3.2). However the original model is figure 3.1 below: F:Powerpointpe_ukPE083-SaundersFinal_FilesGifch04C04NF001.gif Figure 3.1: The Research Onion Source:  ©Mark Saunders, Philip Lewis, Adrian Thornhill (2006) (http://wps.pearsoned.co.uk) Preferred Methods and Critique Research Methods preferred for this Dissertation are demonstrated in Figure 3.2 below: Core of the Onion would be same Techniques Procedures of Data Collection and Analysis Figure 3.2: The Research Onion for this Dissertation Source: Created from model provided by  © Mark Saunders, Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill 2008 (Saunders et al., 2009 Pp. 108) Research Philosophy The philosophy of this research is mainly based on principles of Realism which is more inclined towards scientific enquiry. Saunders (2009), argue that Realism is a philosophical position which relates to scientific enquiry. Realism is a branch of epistemology which is similar to positivism. It believes that what senses show us is reality: that objectives do have their own existence quite independent of the mind. Bhaskar (1989) being a critical realist adapts the view that What we see is only the part of the bigger picture. Which is also the view of the author while conducting the research and attempting to look at the bigger picture as already done by famous people like Warren Buffet. 3.1.1.1 Critique This type of philosophy the researcher is likely to employ the existing theory and data. This can be considered as a drawback as it could have been more insightful if there was primary data backed up with the existing one in the Objectives 1, 2, 3 and 4. It was however unattainable for the capacity of this study. There is also some amount of Epistemology and Positivism seen throughout the research. Research Approach Emphasis and nature of the research topic directs the author to adopt the inductive approach of research (Creswell, 2002) where the data are collected and a theory developed as a result of the data analysis. The researcher has a strong understanding of the theory of the topics covered in the literature review and the approach developed was the result of the theories (William, 2006). Hussey et al. (2007) propose that the purpose of this research is exploratory, descriptive and explanatory as there are few studies from which the researcher may obtain information about the specified issue. 3.1.2.1 Critique As compared to the inductive approach, deductive approach seems to be widely used with the positivist research philosophy. However inductive approach was considered to be good for this research as the aim was not to narrow down by developing hypothesis from theories and then confirming them rather to gain understanding of the meanings humans attach to events and theories and also to address the gap in the literature. Research Strategy The approach adapted is of Grounded Theory and some Case Examples to aid the triangulation of the data. Looking beyond its general criticisms the researcher would advocate that the key issue to remember in such an approach is that grounded theory is an interpretive process, rather than a logico-deductive one and researcher should treat it as a highly creative process (Suddaby, 2006). The aim is to discover patterns and develop hypotheses rather than testing or confirming them. The focus therefore is to gain insight and familiarity with the subject area in view of more detailed investigation at a later stage. 3.1.3.1 Critique Amongst various other available alternatives of experiments, surveys, action research, ethnography and archival research, surveys could have been another choice for the research. The researcher decided not to use a self-administered survey because of various reasons the most important being that one wouldnt be able to prompt respondents if they had difficulty in answering some questions (Bryman Bell 2007). There are issues which need better understanding are complex in nature which is part of the questionnaire and if the researcher wasnt present respondents might have left some questions out. As a consequence of this the researcher could have been left with incomplete data (Bryman Bell 2007). Research Choice This approach is open and enables the researcher to gather a broad range of data and impressions; however it rarely provides conclusive answers (Beall, 2002). The advantage of exploratory research is that it builds a foundation and offers guidance for further studies within the field. As suggested by Curran and Blackburn (2001), both quantitative and qualitative techniques will be employed and primary and secondary sources of data will be used. 3.1.4.1 Critique The research mainly focuses on qualitative data and Multiple Method Choices are made for the research following the comment of Curran and Blackburn (2001), that this method is increasingly advocated within business and management research. Detailed comparative criticism of qualitative and quantitative methods is given in section 3.2. Time Horizon Time Horizon for the research is chosen to be a longitudinal research as it has the ability to study change and development over the time. Since the problem of personal debt was not as common in old times and as it is now and it has increased as the economy has developed, this time horizon is adapted. Thus according to Bouma and Atkinson (1995, Pp.114), the question here to ask will be Has there been any change over a period of time? The specific question here thus becomes: Has there been any change in management and distribution of money over a period of time? 3.1.5.1 Critique This research can also be criticised as being cross-sectional whereby you study a particular phenomenon at a particular time (Saunders et al 2006, Pp.148) as it is also pointing the reader towards the current economic scenario. This also a result of the word and time limit of the project. The strategies mentioned above and depicted in the figure 3.2 are not considered as mutually exclusive as suggested by Yin (2003) and will be used along with other strategies and possibilities to answer the research questions in the best possible manner. 3.2 Analyzing the Alternatives It is important to understand different ways to collect data and conduct research to address the research questions and objectives in the best possible manner. This also forms the core of the research onion. In general terms research consists of: Seeking answers to questions Systematically using a predefined set of procedures to answer questions Collecting evidence To produce findings that were not determined in advance To produce findings that are applicable beyond the immediate boundaries of the study (www.fhi.org) As apparent from the title of the dissertation, the research philosophy here is to develop knowledge (Johnson and Clark, 2006) in the specific field of finance. Below is the table 3.2 which briefly differentiating between the two methods of data collection. Table 3.2 Comparison of Quantitative and Qualitative Methods Source: Adapted from www.fhi.org The table summarises and gives a clear idea on the use of both types of data and their uses. Being an approach which uses mixed meth.ods, this research includes both types of data. Detailed explanation of these methods is given below. 3.2.1 Criticism of Quantitative Methods Numerical data or other data which can be quantified to address the research objectives can be described as quantitative data. Quantitative data in its original form becomes very difficult to interpret and draw meaning from. Thus these data need to be processed, analysed and presented in the form of charts, graphs and tables for better understanding of the relationships and trends within the gathered data. (Saunders et al., 2009) Quantitative methods in this research were used in a form of a questionnaire to address objective 5. As they generally confirm hypotheses about phenomena and rigid style of categorising questions is necessary, it was used to segment the respondents and then understand different views of them as a portion of the society. However mainly the nature of the research demanded the qualitative methods to be adapted. 3.2.1.1 Questionnaire Saunders et at. (2009) argue that many times questionnaires are used by people before the consideration of alternative methods, like examination of secondary sources, observation and semi-structured or unstructured interviews. They advice the researchers to evaluate all the possible data collection methods and choose the one that is most appropriate to the research questions. It is not the case in this research and it was chosen as the most appropriate method to be used to achieve defined objectives. They will also aid in the triangulation of the data as the results will be used along with the focus group results. This in the descriptive nature of this research, which undertakes the study of attitude of people towards credit, spending and saving regarding personal finance, it will enable me to identify and describe the variability in different phenomena. 3.2.2 Criticism of Qualitative Methods All non-numeric data or that data which have not quantified can be defined as Qualitative data. These data are analysed and manipulated in ways of summarising, categorising and structuring of the meanings using a narrative. Commonly this research is done to gin deep insight about a particular problem or situation. One of the major advantages of adapting qualitative methods is that it provides the reader to understand from the view point of people how they experience the research issue in form of complex textual description. This provides us with humanistic side of the issue. This is mostly contradictory behaviours, beliefs, opinions, emotions and relationships of individuals. The other advantage being qualitative methods also give effective evaluation of many indefinable factors like, some social norms, socioeconomic status, role of genders, also ethnicity, and religion, whose role in this research is very apparent. It is seen that the culture of a country is a big factor deciding the spending and saving habits of an individual. Thus this approach is chosen. Qualitative methods when used along with quantitative methods, they can complement each other. It can improve the understanding of the complex reality of the given situation and the implications of the data collected (www.fhi.org). 3.2.2.1 Focus Group Administering a Focus Group was important for this project especially for objective 6 as the respondents replies would be considered very valuable to get in-depth knowledge of the given subject. A focus group has been also used to achieve triangulation. This is where qualitative and quantitative methods are both employed, by doing this can result in the negative aspects of one method being balanced by the positive aspects of the other creating a comprehensive and reliable set of findings (Jick 1979). Some of its advantages and limitations are discussed below: Advantages of using a Focus Group: It can help to explore issues deeply via encouraging respondents to interact with one another in relation to the topic set (Kolb 2008). This style has the potential for many views and opinions to accumulate thereby providing a good source of evidence in relation to the topic discussed (Wilson 2006). Here the interviewer has the ability to ask follow up questions if the respondent gives too general an answer, the interviewer can keep asking until they acquire a finding that is more credible (Kolb 2008) Some of its Limitations are: Data from a focus group might be difficult to analyse because of the large amount of data that is collected within a short timeframe. (Bryman Bell 2007) There can be a difficulty in finding participants for the activity as it is time consuming and demanding of the individual. (Wilson 2006) Group dynamics may also affect how much information is actually collected as some participants may contribute more than others. (Bryman Bell 2007) 3.2.2.2 Observation Observation is another method which is used in this report and has played a big role in its formation. This approach is also considered to be fun. This mainly involves: systematic observation, recording, description, analysis and interpretation of peoples behaviour. (Saunders et al., 2009) Many authors describe that this aspect of the research is to some extent neglected and less used in business and management studies. Although Delbridge and Kirkpatrick (1994) confirm that it is about attempting to learn the symbolic world and trying to get to the bottom of the processes with which an individual constantly constructs and reconstructs ones identity. This idea relates exactly with the aim and objectives of this research. Gill and Johnson (2002) have developed fourfold categorisation of this research which is available for any researcher. They are: Complete participant Complete observer Observer as participant Participant as observer Figure 3.2.2.2: Created from Saunders et al., 2009 form model provided by Gill and Johnson Here the role of Participant as Observer is used wherein researcher takes part in the activity and researchers identity is also revealed. Participant Observation is defined specifically as the researcher attempts to participate fully in the lives and activities of subjects and thus becomes a member of their group, organisation or community. This enables researchers to share their experiences by not merely observing what is happening but also feeling it. (Gill and Johnson 2002, Pp. 144) Thus, adding to the richness of the research data. Main Strengths and Weaknesses of this method of research are depicted in Table 3.2.2.2 below: Table 3.2.2.2: Strengths and Weaknesses of Participant Observation Source: Adapted from www.fhi.com 3.3 The Approach towards the Objectives Described below are the objectives of this research topic and how they were addressed: Objective 1: To understand Money and Debt employing exploratory research while briefly looking into its evolution. To address the first objective, extensive secondary research was carried out looking into the history of Money and Debt. This helped the author to understand the origins of these and thus provided fully with the capability to understand and critically analyze it. Objective 2: To analyze and compare the concepts of money and debt in various countries of world. This was again done with the help of extensive secondary research into the beliefs and values of many different countries of the world. It was done with mainly two types of differentiations namely developed and developing countries and close context and open context cultures. This will let the researcher to see beyond the particular culture, value and belief system of the UK. Objective 3: Understand various types of financial markets and institutions in the UK. This objective was fulfilled simultaneously while addressing the previous objectives. As after the base of the structure of the paper was created, this objective served as a ground floor to build on the other objectives. Objective 4: Understand various types of debts and reasons behind their creation. This objective again was achieved with the help of studying established theories and models which govern the current financial system in the world. Mainly secondary research is used and the concept of participant as an observer is reflected all through the dissertation which is also primary research. Objective 5: Identify critical factors responsible for the increasing personal debt in the UK. Identification of critical factors responsible for the increasing personal debt in the UK was done after careful consideration, on the basis of secondary data and the facts about UK economy given in Appendix 1. A questionnaire was prepared and given out to members of public. The questions mainly focused on Availability of Credit, Knowledge about Personal finance, Culture and Finance and Some Technicalities regarding fees and charges applicable. The sample included students, unemployed people, part time workers, full time workers and self employed people with different sex and age groups. Objective 6: Evaluate the awareness of UK residents about financial management and its role. This objective was achieved by the means of a focus group, some questions were formed to generally access the knowledge about money management in general population and the role it can play in their monetary situation. This was done via open ended questions to give the participant ability to get feedback and discuss in form of complex textual descriptions to access how people experience the given research issue. Sample here also included students, unemployed people, part time workers, full time workers and self employed people with different sex and age groups. Objective 7: Suggest a New Theory on Money Management in hard times. Thus in above mentioned way the objectives were addressed and data will be gathered and analyzed and the last objective to suggest a New Theory on Money Management in hard times to emerged as a result of the achievement of the previous research objectives.

Tuesday, August 20, 2019

Sexual exploitation of children: Issues in treatment

Sexual exploitation of children: Issues in treatment Social Work and Criminal Justice: Victims of Violent Crime Analysis Abstract This report explores many factors of sexual abuse, specifically sexual exploitation of children. Ethical and policy issues that may affect practice with this population as well as the nature of the violent crimes are some of the factors explored in this report. The sexual exploitation of children is widespread and exists worldwide. Many of these children have long-term effects from sexual abuse that follow them into adulthood. In order to provide the adequate and appropriate treatment to sexually abused and exploited children, one must understand the magnitude of this heinous epidemic that is steadily increasing. Introduction The role of a generalist social worker who works with victims of violent crimes is of extreme importance. This is significantly true for social workers working with children who are victims of sexual exploitation. When generally recognized standards do not exist with respect to an emerging area of practice, social workers should exercise careful judgment and take responsible steps to ensure the competence of their work and to protect clients from harm (Reamer, 2010). A generalist social work base provides an existing foundation on which direct intervention, policy formation, advocacy, and networking may be implemented (Herrmann, 1987). Social workers confront child sexual exploitation as school social workers, at runaway shelters, at counseling agencies, and within the court system. The history of the profession provides the precedent for social work’s involvement in ending child sexual exploitation. Sexual abuse is any sexual activity with a child where consent is not or cannot be given. This includes sexual contact that is accomplished by force or by threat of force, regardless of the age of the participants, and all sexual contact between an adult and a child, regardless of whether there is deception or the child understands the sexual nature of the activity (Zastrow Kirst-Ashman, 2013). The sexual exploitation of children includes sex trafficking, child pornography, and child prostitution. Exploited children carry the effects of sexual abuse for many years in an agonizing struggle with sexual dysfunction, depression, insomnia, suicide attempts, and self-mutilation. The population mostly affected by child exploitation is usually children from infancy to adolescence. These children often live in poverty or live in low-income environments. Often, these children lack parental guidance or have parents who are involved in substance abuse. This population is usually the target of sexual abuse. Because of the anxiety most people harbor about sexuality in general, children have little information about sex. They have limited life experience upon which to base judgments. Thus, children can be easily misled or tricked (Zastrow Kirst-Ashman, 2013). Those who sexually abuse children are referred to as pedophiles. Many pedophiles report a history of sexual victimization as adolescents. Occasionally, many children find themselves blackmailed into adulthood by their exploiters. Not all victims become victimizers. All, however, may experience guilt, confusion, shame, and anger as a result of exploitation (Herrmann, 1987). Risk Factors of Child Sexual Abuse Risk factors associated with sexual abuse and the exploitation of children includes the facts that suggest that girls are more likely to be victimized than boys. However, boys are equally as vulnerable as girls. The average age for the abused is between ages 4 and 6 years for boys and ages 11 and 14 years for girls. Children who have disabilities are at greater risk for sexual abuse. These children are more vulnerable and less likely to defend themselves (Zastrow Kirst-Ashman, 2013). Nature of Violent Crime The nature of this particular crime can be heinous. This includes physical abuse, sexual abuse, and power of manipulation. Often, children are profiled and sought for their openness to trust others. The children are misled and manipulated into thinking the perpetrator will provide conditions that are better than their current situation. Children are often beat and drugged then sold into human trafficking. These children are forced in prostitution and forced to participate in horrible sexual acts. This includes intercourse, fondling, pornographic photography, and other unthinkable acts. Scenario Angel is a 14 year old African-American girl living in an inner-city neighborhood. Angel has four siblings and both parents are incarcerated for substance abuse. Because of the absence of her parents, Angel and her siblings are cared for by their elderly grandmother. The family does not have much money and often goes without basic needs such as food and clothes. Angel dropped out of school due to the constant judgement and bullying from other students. Without anywhere to go, Angel would often walk the streets to pass away the time. While hanging out in the neighborhood, Angel was approached by an older man who mentioned he had taken an interest in her. He complimented Angel on her looks and told her that she should not be walking the streets, but pampered instead. Daily, the man would complement Angel and showered her with gifts. She had never been shown this kind of love before and felt she was in love. She was invited to the man’s home for dinner. Although the man was much older, Angel was eager to receive his charm. She agreed to dinner at his home. On the following evening, Angel met the older man around the corner from her family’s home. She was instantly swept off of her feet. The man arrived in a shiny, red convertible sports car with a bouquet of roses in hand. When she arrived to the man’s home, she was greeted with more flowers, candles, and wine. Although she had never had wine before, Angel felt a sense of maturity and drank the wine. During the dinner, the man told Angel that he was aware of her conditions at home. He promised her that he would make all of her sorrows go away if she allowed him to take care of her. He promised to provide all of her needs and that she will never have to go without any of her basics needs anymore. He promised to shower her with gifts and to show her the world. Angel felt all of her prayers had been answered and that she had met her knight in shining armor. Although the room began to spin and she felt slightly ill, Angel agreed to spend the night with the man. He insists tha t she should not go home in her condition. The next morning Angel awoke feeling very ill and confused. She could not remember where she was. Angel’s clothes had been removed and she was chained to a bed at her wrist and ankles. She is in a lot of pain and begins to cry out for help. Angel is aware that her body has been violated and wonders who could do this to her. Although she has been crying for hours, no one answers her cries for help. Eventually, a man she does not recognize enters the room and begins to yell and curse at her. He tells her that no one is going to help her and threatens to hit her if she does not stop crying. Although she tries to control her sobbing, Angel continues to cry. The man kept his promise and began to violently beat her. The violent beating left Angel unconscious and she never saw her knight in shining armour again. On the following afternoon, again, Angel awoke dazed and confused. She noticed that she was chained to a radiator and had been moved to another location. She was later approached by two men who informed her that she now works for them. She was promised shelter and protection in return for following their orders. Daily, Angel found herself in different locations servicing men for money. Often, Angel would be transported from state to state and advertised on the internet. Although Angel wants to escape the life she was forced to live, she often finds herself drugged, beaten, and far from home. She has no resources and is not allowed to make calls or befriend anyone. Angel feels trapped. She often contemplates suicide and feels that taking her life is the only way out of her lifestyle. Although Angel’s family attempted to find her, they had no luck. She was reported missing to the police, but dismissed as a delinquent runaway. Months began to pass and Angel became another statistic. Angel is now a part of the child sex trafficking ring. Daily, she is forced into prostitution and forced into a life she should not have to live. This commercial exploitation is the result of the lack of importance given to human rights around the world, the disregard of children’s needs, and the vast amount of money involved (Herrmann, 1987). Ethical Issues There are several ethical issues that may affect practice with this population. Although social workers are mandated to report sexual abuse of children, ethical and legal considerations for treatment of sexually exploited children remains an issue. Before treatment begins with the victim, is it appropriate for a practitioner to directly inquire and/or process information with a victim about an alleged offense in a pending criminal matter? To what degree can such inquiry, recounting, or processing of the events in question alter the child’s recollection of what took place (Branaman Gottlieb, 2013)? Social workers must consider ethical issues of the effects of questioning, retelling, and suggestion on perceived personal experience. These processes operate in all therapeutic settings, but when they arise in the context of treating a child witness, they may influence, if not dramatically alter, a child’s memory (Branaman Gottlieb, 2013). Also, social workers should be cau tious when considering introducing a new treatment approach to these children. New approaches to the profession usually generate controversy among social workers because many unknown issues may arise. Social workers should attempt to locate empirical literature documenting the effectiveness of new approaches. Most social workers will conclude that using a controversial new treatment approach is too risky, ethically and clinically (Reamer, 2010). Policy Issues Often, policy issues may affect practice with this population. Child sex abuse issues are handled by state and local authorities, and not by the federal government. This is because of the relationships between the states which have broad authority within their jurisdictions. Unfortunately, the federal government has constitutional limitations on its authority. Because of this matter, the Department of Justice generally has no authority over child sex abuse issues. However, if a child is sexually abused or sexually exploited on federal land, the offender may be prosecuted under federal law in addition to state law. Another policy issue is the statute of limitations in child sexual abuse cases. Every state has a standard suspension of the statute of limitation for legal actions while a person is a minor. Most states have adopted additional extensions for cases involving sexual abuse of children. In the state of Mississippi, victims must file their claim within 3 years of the sexual abu se and/or within 3 years of the victims release from incarceration. Assessment and Evidenced-based Practices Treatment and assessment of child victims of sexual exploitation has several objectives. According to Zastrow Kisrt-Ashman (2013), the first objective is to provide a safe environment where the survivor feels comfortable enough to talk. The survivor must learn to identity, express, and share feeling, even when they are negative and frightening. A second treatment goal is to have the survivor acknowledge that the abuse was no fault of theirs. The third objective involves teaching the child new ways to express their feelings. A fourth treatment goal is to address and special treatment needs of the child. These needs may include medical treatment or behavioral modification programs. The fifth goal is to enhance family communication, support, and understanding of the abuse. On a micro-level of intervention, practitioners have been known to use several evidence-based treatment modalities when treating sexually abused children. Often, the psychodynamic theory and treatment is used. Psychodynamic theories emphasize the importance of stages of psychosocial development and the unconscious mental processes of human behavior. According to Walsh (2010), in ego psychology, problems or challenges may result from conflicts within the person or between the person and external world. Also, crisis theory and intervention is used. A crisis is defined as the perception or experience of an event as an intolerable difficulty. Crisis intervention represents a strengths approach because it underscores the possibility of client growth, even in horrible situations. The social worker must build upon clients’ strengths in order to help them adapt to, and grow from, the experience (Walsh, 2010). On the mezzo-level of assessment and intervention, structural family theory (SFT) and intervention is often used. This theory attempts to bring structure back to the family. The focus of the theory is family structure. Family structure is a concept that refers to the invisible and often unspoken rules that organize how family members interact. In this intervention, the social worker is highly directive and directly leads the family’s process of problem resolution. During the intervention of SFT, role plays and role reversals are often employed by practitioners. The role plays are enactments of possible family situations that aim to adjust family interactions. The goal of role reversal is to sensitize family members to the feelings of other members in the family. Also, the Family Emotional Systems Theory is used. The theory provides a comprehensive conceptual framework for understanding how emotional ties within families of origin influence the lives of individuals in ways the y often fail to appreciate and may tend to minimize (Walsh, 2010). The theory offers broad intervention strategies with which the social worker can utilize techniques in accordance with a family’s particular concerns. On a macro-level of assessment and intervention, the ideal way to treat sexual abuse of children is to prevent the events from happening. Information and education are significant factors of prevention. In the community, parents need both education about how to raise children and knowledge that in the event they are in crisis resources are available to help. Special programs could be readily available in the community to help parents with these issues ((Zastrow Kirst-Ashman, 2013). These programs would be beneficial to the community on many levels. Diversity Issues There are diversity issues that affect this population. Minorities from different backgrounds are at higher risk of child sexual exploitation. Many children from low-educational backgrounds are also at higher risk for exploitation. Most of the children that are misled into sexual exploitation are from impoverished areas of the world. In some cases, racial disparity has become an issue in the matter of child sex trafficking. Often, cultural difference must be taken into account when working with sexually abused children. In some countries, touching of a child’s genitals is accepting. In the Philippines, it is culturally accepting to touch a child’s private area and not seen as deviant behavior. In the Korean culture, touching a child’s genital area is also an acceptable behavior. This behavior is considered an expression of adoration and pride for a male child who is to carry on the family name and tradition. In the Vietnamese culture, this behavior is thought of as an expression fondness, not a crime. The cultural differences of the world suggest that some cultures do not view the sexual abuse of a child in the same context as others. Although most societies view these behaviors as deviant and unacceptable, others view these behaviors as normal and accepting. These accepting views can be related to family pride or superstitions. It is of the most importance for practitioners and other health professionals to be aware of the cultural difference in order to provide adequate and effective treatment to children in need. This knowledge will help to ensure that social justice is granted to those who need it the most, sexually abused and exploited children. References Branaman, T. Gottlieb, M. (2013). Ethical and Legal Consideration for Treatment of Alleged Victims: When Does It Become Witness Tampering? Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 44(5). 299-306. Herrmann, K. (1987). Children Sexually Exploited for Profit: A Plea for a New Social Work Priority. National Association of Social Workers, Inc., 523-525. Reamer, Frederic. (2010). Ethical Standards in Social Work: A Review of the NASW Code of Ethics. (2nd ed.) Baltimore, MD: Port City Press. Walsh, J. (2010). Theories for direct social work practice. (2nd ed.) Belmont: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Zastrow, C. Kirst-Ashman, K. (2013). Understanding Human Behavior and the Social Environment. (9th ed.) Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning.

Monday, August 19, 2019

Free Essays - Angela’s Ashes :: Ashes

Informal Essay on Angela’s Ashes   Angela’s Ashes is a moving book full of poverty, suffering, and death that shows that no matter how difficult things seem, the hard tines can always be overcome.   Angela and Malachy McCourt, both Irish, were married in America after a passionate night together that ended up producing their first son, Francis(or Frank as introduced to the reader).   Later, the couple had another son, twins, and a daughter while living in a small apartment in New York.   Margaret soon died and the family moved to Ireland where their lives were only worsened.   Angela had two more children that lived, but the young twins died.   Malachy was an alcoholic who rarely held a job and spent his wages at the pub instead of on his family.   They were forced to beg for food and other necessities because relatives were cruel and selfish.   This novel tells the tell of young Frank having to endure extreme poverty, starvation, and a broken family with strength and courage.   He eventuall y raises enough money to go to America and break free from his depressing childhood.   In my opinion, the theme of this book is that no matter how bad things seem to be, anyone can survive and become successful through perseverance and determination.   For example, Frank grew up in just about the worst environment possible but was determined enough to get himself to America and eventually become the author of a Pulitzer Prize winning novel!   Frank achieved his goals by taking any extra jobs that he could find and saving every penny possible until he could finally afford his passage to America.   Because his father never brought home any money, Frank supported the family with what little wages he earned at his job and was determined to make a good life for himself, his brothers, and his poor mother.   Frank learned to depend upon no one but himself and his determination to succeed won him a new life in America where he now lives happily married.        I noticed numerous literary devices present throughout the book.   One such device is the use of apostrophe.   Apostrophe is used continuously when Frank speaks to the angel on the seventh step and also when he and his parents speak to the dead children such as Eugene, Oliver, and Margaret.   The story is told from the point of view of Frank as he grows from a young boy of about three or four to a young man at nineteen.

Sunday, August 18, 2019

Immigration Reform Essay -- Economics Welfare Immigration Essays

Immigration Reform At this time, the United States has allowed more immigrants to enter the country than at any time in its history. Over a million legal and illegal immigrants take up residence in the United States each year. Immigration at its current magnitude is not fulfilling the interests or demands of this country. With the country struggling to support the huge intake of new comers, life in America has been suffering tremendously. The excessive stress put upon the welfare system, overuse of the family reunification laws, and the exploitation of employment based immigration in the computer industry are reasons for immigration reform. The United States welfare system has difficulties supporting the huge numbers of immigrants coming into the country each year. A majority of the immigrants are from poor countries and come to the U.S. looking for work. A research organization called Urban Institute revealed that immigrants use more welfare and earn lower incomes than natives, which results in immigrants paying less taxes. The Urban Institute is a non-profit organization that investigates the social and economic problems of this country. Statistics from a Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR) newsletter shows, ?. . . the share of immigrant households below the poverty line (29 percent) is much higher than the share of native households that are poor (14 percent)--more than twice as high.? Due to the large numbers of poverty st...

Free College Essays - Sir Gawain and the Green Knight :: Sir Gawain Green Knight Essays

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight The poet begins his work by reminding us that the history of Britain is both ancient and glorious; Aeneas, whose deeds in the Trojan War are legendary, whose exploits in war are recorded in Virgil's Aeneid, and who is legendary for having founded the city of Rome after the Trojan War, was the ancestor of a man named Felix Brutus who founded Britain ("Britain" comes from "Brutus"). The most noble of the kings that followed Brutus was Arthur; the poet says that he intends to tell one of the wondrous tales of Arthur. One Christmas at Camelot, the king, his queen Guinevere, and the court gather for fifteen days of celebration. The best and noblest of people and activities are there: brave and famous men who compete in military games, beautiful and gracious ladies who play kissing games with the men. There is the most wonderful entertainment-dancing, feasting, singing. On New Year's Day, there is a tremendous feast at which all gather together. Arthur, young and impulsive, has a feast-day tradition, though, which has to be observed before the meal. He would not eat on such an occasion until he observed something marvelous: the telling of an amazing story, the fighting of a glorious battle, or the like. Arthur presides over the feast at the high table with Guinevere and Gawain and other famous knights as music plays and the food is brought in-so many delicacies and elaborate dishes that the poet says it would be impossible to describe them all. In the midst of the preparations for the feast, and as Arthur waits for a marvel to take place so that he can eat, a huge and terrible man bursts into the hall-a giant of a man, his chest and limbs are massive even while his proportions show him to be fit and attractive. The most shocking thing about him is that he was completely green. The poet spends most of the next three stanzas describing the Green Knight in detail; first, we learn of his clothing, trimmed in fur and embroidery, all green and gold. Then we learn that the horse he rides, the saddle, and the stirrups are all green. The man's long hair matches that of the horse, and he has a great, thick beard, also green.

Saturday, August 17, 2019

J.Co Donuts and Coffee Distribution Case Study

After 5 years of continued operation, CO enters the Philippine market and opened Its first branch In SMS Magical. The said company Is owned and managed by Johnny Andrea Group. IV. Statement of the Problem The main problem of J. CO Donuts and Coffee is the consistent long line when ordering prevents the customers from buying. It makes the customers passed off because they are wasting their time and effort falling in a long line. This problem can cause people's dissatisfaction about the product as well as to the store.If not solved s soon as possible, people, as well as the loyal customers, may get tired of the products offered by the company. V. Area of Consideration O. Co Donuts & coffee SOOT Analysis) Strengths J. CO Donuts and Coffee are very famous because of their deferent varieties of delicious doughnuts; J. CO prides itself for creating a life cafe © concept that is vibrant and energetic; stylish yet Interactive and customer-friendly; Also for using only premium ingredients i n its signature range of coffee and chocolate beverages and donuts which appeal to even the most discerning customers.Weaknesses You have to fall in a long line if you want to buy their products; Lack of promotion and activity to develop more loyalty customers; J. CO's Beverages are not preferable because Its size Is smaller compared to other competitors. J. CO Doughnuts are healthier compared to other donuts offered by the competitors. J. CO Doughnuts are more preferable because of its balanced sweetness. When it comes to prices, J. CO Donuts and Coffee has lower prices compared to Crispy Creme.Threats People may get tired of the products if the problems are not solved as soon as Seibel; Loyalty of the customers to the store will start to deteriorate if they're not receiving any fast service, as said people can get tired. VI. Alternative Courses of Action Implement online ordering; online delivery and put up Drive Thrush; As a customer it will be fast and easy for me to buy the pro duct. Implement an order form; It is such a hassle to a customer to make Just â€Å"tour-tour† on what they are going to buy. Continue to build expansions.More branches, more satisfied customers, as well as it can contribute to the advertising of the store. VI'. Recommendation and Conclusion The best solution to the long line in the store is to implement online ordering. With the technology nowadays, it will be more of convenience to the customer if they could just click their order and the boom! There goes their order. It will be fast and easy. Eating those cute doughnuts will not be that time consuming. Therefore, it will make the customers happy. Also, it will keep the loyal customer to be satisfied with the product as well as to the service.

Friday, August 16, 2019

Impact of the Recession on Construction Contractors Essay

The current crisis in the world’s financial system has left the construction industry facing its toughest challenges for a generation. Salaries are falling; job cuts are predicted to reach 400,000 in England alone; and the impacts look set to get much worse before they get better. No country is immune from the impact of this and the UK, and much of the rest of the world, is already in, or about to enter a recession. Even buoyant construction markets such as the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are starting to feel the effect, with construction growth rate expected to slow from 20% to 15% in 2009 (Al Mal Capital). The United Nations (UN) predicts world economic output will shrink by as much as 0.4% in 2009 (UN’s World Economic Situation and Prospects Report, 2009). These are serious times, however, the industry needs to be prepared to contribute to the recovery by retraining workers, maintaining the highest of standards of quality and supporting innovation. Construction professionals must not lose sight of their commitment to issues of sustainability, health and safety, ethical business practices and improved building standards. These will future-proof the industry and allow it to grow after the economy recovers. Companies seeking to find an extra edge in an increasingly competitive marketplace are likely to employ greater innovation as they look to become more efficient. This could have far reaching benefits for the industry in the future, where innovation has never been more vital. Construction Output It is clear that construction is in for a period of deflation. Forecasts suggest that there will be a 7% decline in output over the next three years, however, this figure is heavily contingent on Government spending coming through as planned (Construction Products Association). In the second quarter of 2008 new order figures were at their lowest level since 2004; 14% below the average last year. Housing orders were down 30%, private industrial orders by 36% and commercial orders by more than  £1bn from 2007 (Construction Products Association). A rapid decline in private work has been partly propped up by more public sector spending, however the outlook for the private sector over the next few quarters is set to get worse. The Olympics will prop up the industry to a certain extent but the cessation of office development will have a much greater effect. Overall, even if all public sector funding was spent next year, the construction industry in 2009 would still see the largest percentage of fall in output since the early nineties, when over 500,000 left the industry. This has been brought about by the sharp fall in private sector investment in construction – offices, retail, entertainment, as well as private house building. Public Sector Spending The Government’s decision to bring forward  £3bn of capital spending on infrastructure was cautiously welcomed by the construction industry (Pre-budget statement, November 2008). Given the extremely high levels of borrowing that the Treasury is expecting over the next few years, there is a risk that Government will fund later debt repayments with cuts in capital spending on construction further down the track. There is also a risk that delays in the Government’s existing build programmes will lead to increased under-spend. Programmes such as the Building Schools for the Future Programme have already fallen behind schedule, and reports suggest that this is as a result of bureaucracy rather than lack of funding. Business Finance and Loss of Confidence According to the Confederation of British Industry (CBI), more than half of British firms have seen a decline in the ease of access to capital since the onset of the credit crunch; 30% of businesses have been, or expect to be refused new credit; and 78% expect business conditions to be worse next year. The Government must urgently take steps to unblock the financial markets and improve the flow of capital to business. The fiscal mitigation measures that were recently announced by the Chancellor (Pre-budget statement, November 2008) were not sufficient to address the underlying loss of confidence facing all UK businesses (and people). More innovative ways could be investigated by Government to help the industry survive, such as providing credit insurance; relaxing bonding requirements on public projects; setting up project bank accounts; and providing tax breaks/concessions for sustainable construction R&D. At present, the latter has effectively ground to a halt largely as a result of the deeply entrenched uncertainty that abound. Jobs & Loss of Skills Almost 400,000 jobs in the construction sector in England could be lost over the next two years (assuming GDP shrinks by 2.2% in 2009 and rises by 0.75% in 2010). It is predicted that the worst affected area will be London, where 23% of workers are expected to be made redundant (Public and Corporate Economic Consultants for the Local Government Association). On the other hand, Eastern Europeans are responding to the downturn in the market by returning home, and this has eased the severity of the job situation in many instances. Given the forecasts for construction output in 2009, it could be assumed that jobs in the public sector may offer more security than those in the private sector. This reinforces the need for Government to establish how an accelerated public spending package will be implemented. It is essential that the government makes sure timetables don’t slip, and that it does what it can to speed up deal flows and bidding times. Through no fault of its own, the Construction Industry, in particular the house-building Industry, is having to dramatically re-structure and down-size merely to survive. The loss of technical resource and therefore expertise has been considerable and there are already signs that an upturn in the fortunes of the UK economy will not see these people return. This is a real concern, particularly as the science and technology that underpins UK sustainable construction is becoming even more complex and at a time when we need experienced people if we are to meet our sustainability objectives. Furthermore, it is not something that can be addressed overnight by short-term training and/or education. Procurement It has been reported that the credit crunch is likely to reverse the industry’s trend towards negotiated contracts and partnering. Instead, there could be a swing back towards single-stage, lowest bid tenders aimed at achieving the lowest possible outturn cost. While single-stage tendering may be seen as a quick fix during the economic downturn, this does not take the long-term view, nor adequately consider best value for money. It does however provide a more risky financial environment which is likely to become a fertile breading ground for claims and liquidations as contractors cut their profits to secure work in a decreasing market. Partnering has proved itself as the most efficient way of undertaking all kinds of construction work including new buildings and infrastructure, alterations, refurbishment and maintenance. Indeed the figures show that that in the four years from 2001 to 2005,  £700m of public money was saved, and the potential for two and a half billion in savings, would have been feasible had best practice been adopted across the board. When times are hard, best practice is at its most crucial to successful business. Fraud An unexpected knock-on effect of the credit crunch has been a dramatic rise in worldwide construction fraud. Evidence suggests that the average construction company’s loss to fraud has increased by 69% in the last year (Kroll Global Fraud Report), driven largely by tough economic conditions. A total of 890 senior executives participated in the worldwide survey, which covered 10 industries, with just over one-quarter based in Europe. More than 95% of the construction companies surveyed said they had suffered from corporate fraud in the past three years – up by 77% from last year’s survey. Most frequent types of fraud occurring in the construction industry include theft of physical assets or stock, financial mismanagement, management conflict of interest, and corruption and bribery. Companies will need to be even more vigilant than usual to reduce fraud in the construction industry. Sustainability Opinion is divided about the impact of the credit crunch on the sustainability agenda. A recent survey from the UK Green Building Council (UK GBC) suggests that while the conventional building industry suffers, the sustainable building sector is experiencing growth. Asked whether the financial crisis has impacted on their organisation in tackling sustainability, 56% of UK GBC members said sustainability had become a bigger focus. Only 18% said the credit crunch has had an adverse effect on efforts to address sustainability. On the other hand, a survey of small-medium sized contractors suggests that tough government targets on sustainable construction are being missed, as buildings fail to achieve the standards set by the Code for Sustainable Homes (National Federation of Builders). The survey revealed that contractors appeared to be quite knowledgeable about the driving issues and regulations for sustainability, but in over half (53%) of projects tendered for, sustainability was not a client requirement. Either way, it is important that new buildings, not least those procured by government, are of the highest possible environmental standards. Green building can be at the heart of a low-carbon economic recovery, boosting growth and creating green collar jobs. This is particularly true in existing homes and buildings, where we need a massive programme of refurbishment to cut carbon, reduce energy bills and produce more comfortable places to live and work. By continuing to build using sustainable technologies the built environment will be preserved for future generations, and a proven record in sustainable design will be invaluable in gaining new contracts in the growing sustainable market. Education and Training The future success of the construction industry depends on the availability of skilled professionals. The credit crisis poses a significant threat to the number of students enrolling in graduate construction courses. Students may be apprehensive about pursuing a career in construction in this unstable climate. This would result in a loss of specialist skills, which in turn would hinder the recovery and future development of the industry. Sandwich courses could be at particular risk because of the lack of available placements available. Many companies are reducing the number of placements they have for students or not taking on any at all. This could result in a reduction in the number of places available on the courses because they can not guarantee work experience placements. Apprenticeships in the UK house-building industry have also suffered as a direct result of the credit crunch. However, opportunities still exist in the bigger public sector infrastructure projects such as schools, hospitals, railways and roads. As a result of these risks the Government is working with Construction Skills to try and secure as many positions as possible for students. A new taskforce is being created to ensure that construction training is as effective as possible, and apprenticeship funding will also be increased to over  £1 billion to try and prevent skill shortages (Department for innovation, Universities & Skills). For professionals already within the industry, there is research to suggest that individuals with specialist skills or training could potentially gain a competitive advantage in the current economic climate (Chartered Institute of Management). The research predicts that professional qualifications could result in an additional  £152,000 in lifetime earnings. It also suggests that a working knowledge of sustainable building and other innovative methods will be a particular advantage, with major projects on the horizon requiring an extensive skilled workforce in these areas. It is important for employers to train and encourage further development if they want to secure the future of the construction industry. This will ensure that their workforce is properly trained in up-to-date techniques and will put them in a stronger and more competitive position to win new contracts when market conditions improve. Although it may be inevitable for some to make financial cuts to survive, it is crucial to maintain a constant number of new innovative minds that will allow the industry to recovery and continue to grow.

Thursday, August 15, 2019

Beauty of Bangladesh

Q. 1:What is the title of your term paper? Ans:The title of our term paper is â€Å"Beautiful Bangladesh† Q. 2:Why do you want to work on the topic? Ans:The topic is so interesting to us we want to work on the topic Q. 3:How do you think this topic is going to help you? Ans:To collect materials on the following topic we need to research some book ,news paper & web link ,Which is so helpfull to increase our knowledge about Bangladesh Q. 4:How do you intend to proceed with this work and from where do you plan to collect the materials? Ans: Because of our curiosity we intend to proceed with this work. We collect data from internet,Some books & newspaper. 1. 1. Introduction 2. 1. heritage sites 1. shat gambuj mosque 2. MohastanGor, Bogra 2. 2. Country Of longest beach & World's Largest Mangrove Forest 2 Sundarban 3 Cox's Bazar 2. 3. Cultural beauty 4 Pohela Boishakh 5 Lalon Akhra 2. 4. Some Other Natural Beauty 7 River & River Side 8 paddy Field 9 Six Seasons are Six beauty 2. 5. The Potential Travel Services 2. 5. 1 The potential of the tourism industry 2. 5. 2. Future tourist demand 3. 1 Conclusion 1. 1 Introduction Bangladesh is a  sovereign state  located in  South Asia. It is  bordered  by  India  on all sides except for a small border with Burma  (Myanmar) to the far southeast and by the  Bay of Bengal  to the south. Together with the Indian state of  West Bengal, it makes up the ethno-linguistic region of  Bengal. It is the  eighth most populous country and among the  most densely populated countries  in the world. Bangladesh is in the low-lying Ganges–Brahmaputra River Delta or Ganges Delta. The Ganges unites with the Jamuna and later joins the Meghna to eventually empty into the Bay of Bengal. We have lots of natural elements. In this term paper we want to describe about the beauty of our country. 2. 1 Heritage sites 2. 1. 1. Shat Gambuj Mosque It is a Tughlaq styled mosque. Khan Jahan Ali  was the architect and  general contractor of this historical mosque. It is the largest  historical mosque  in Bangladesh. It is also one of the most impressive  place on the Indian Subcontinent. The mosque is situated on the eastern bank of the Ghora Dighi. The name Shat Gambuj Masjid means a mosque with sixty domes. But  actually the mosque has 77 squat domes with 7 four sided pitched  Bengali domes in the middle row. The mosque is constructed in 1449 with terracotta decoration. Around the doors you can see beautiful design. Inside of the mosque the walls are designed by former muslim cultural tradition. The full  mosque is a wonderful archeological beauty which is the signature of  the 15th century. 2. 1. 2. Mahasthangarh [Bogra] Mohasthangarh is one of the main attractions in north Bengal. It was the capital of Kingdom of the Mourjo, the Gupta and the Sen Dynasty. This is the ancient archeological and historical which was, established in 2500 BC. It is the oldest archaeological site of Bangladesh is on the western bank of river Karatoa 18 km. The spectacular site is an imposing landmark in the area having a fortified, oblong enclosure measuring 5000 ft. by 4500 ft. with an average height of 15 ft. from the surrounding paddy fields. This 3rd century archaeological site is still held to be of great sanctity by the Hindus. Every year (mid-April) and once in every 12 years (December) thousands of Hindu devotees join the bathing ceremony on the bank of river Karatoa. 2. 2 Country Of longest beach and World's Largest Mangrove Forest 2. 2. . Cox's bazar To the south of Chittagong, Cox's Bazaar is the tourist capital of Bangladesh. Having the world's longest unbroken (120 km) beach sloping gently down to the blue waters of the bay of bengal against the picturesque background of a chain of hill covered with deep green forests. Cox's Bazaar is one of the most attractive tourist spots in the world. Miles of golden sands, towering cliffs surfing waves, rare conch shells, colorful pagodas, Buddhist temples and tribes, delightful seafood – these are specialties of Cox's Bazaar. The beach is good for bathing, sunbathing and swimming. The breath-taking beauty of the sun-setting behind the waves of the sea is captivating. Visits to the fascinating picnic spot at Himchari, Teknaf are amazing. Buddhist temple at Ramu and nearby island of Sonadia, St. Martin and Mohaskhali are memorable experience of one's lifetime. 2. 2. 2. Sundarban The Sundarbans delta, at the mouth of the Ganges river, is the largest mangrove forest in the world, spreading across parts of Bangladesh and West Bengal, India. The Sundarbans features a complex network of tidal waterways, mudflats and small islands of salt-tolerant mangrove forests. The area is known for its wide range of fauna, with the Royal Bengal tiger being the most famous, but also including many birds, spotted deer, crocodiles and snakes. Tiger is the greatest parts of the Sundarbon and they are very powerful. Bengal tigers are very attractive in the worlds demand. So many tiger exist in the world but Rayal Bengal Tigers are very demanding here for their extra ordinary activities of their own. 2. 3. Cultural Beauty 2. 3. 1. Pohela boishakh: The first day of Bangla year is called Pohela Boishakh or Bangla New Year. It is the first day of the Bengali calendar celebrated in both Bangladesh and West Bengal and Bengali communities in Assam and Tripura. . â€Å"Celebrations of Pohela Boishakh started from Akbar's reign. It was customary to clear up all dues on the last day of. On the next day, or the first day of the New Year, landlords would entertain their tenants with sweets. On this occasion there used to be fairs and other festivities. In due course the occasion became part of domestic and social life, and turned into a day of merriment. 2. 3. 2. Lalon Akhra: Fakir Lalon Shah is also known as Lalon Shah (c. 774–1890), was a Bangladeshi philosopher poet. His poetry, articulated in songs, is considered classics of the Bangla language. Fakir Lalon Shah lived in the village of Cheuria in the district of Kushtia and to the Upazila(sub district) of Kumarkhali in Bangladesh. The details of Lalon's early life are made controversial mainly by urban-educated scholars representing communal tendenc ies among both Hindu and Muslim writers. Lalon also recorded very little information about himself. Depending on the source, some claim Lalon was born of Hindu Kayastha parents and during a pilgrimage to Murshidabad with other Bauls of his native village; . 4. Some Other Natural Beauty 2. 4. 1. River and river side: Bangladesh is a land of rivers. Many of these rivers are wide and long. The bank of the river presents an unbroken view of a variety of sights which entertain the eyes. Here men, women and children bathe, there women get down to water’s edge with pitchers in their hands and again there washer man wash clothes and cowboys graze their cattle. A river offers a grand spectacle on a moonlit night. All around there is a deep silence which is now and then broken by the splashing dip of oars and the songs of the boatman. . 4. 2. Paddy Field: A paddy field is a flooded parcel of arable land used for growing rice and other semi aquatic crops.. Paddies can be built into stee p hillsides as terraces and adjacent to depressed or steeply sloped features such as rivers or marshes. During the twentieth century, paddy field farming became the dominant form of growing ricePaddy field looks different in different colors. When it is green the land turns into a carpet of bright green rice shoots while the smell of drying jute invades the air. And when it is yellow then the paddy field looks like gold. . 4. 3. Six Seasons and Six Beauties: At an interval of every two months, there appears a new season in Bangladesh. Thus we have six seasons in Bangladesh. They are summer, the rainy season, autumn, the late autumn, winter and spring. March to May or in Bengali Baishakh and Jaistha are the Summer months. Summer is the season of scorching sun. It is the season of perspiration and thirst. Then comes the rainy season. The months of June to August or Asharh and sraban make the rainy seasons. In this season the sky remains cloudy and it rains day and night. Rivers, tanks, ponds and canals are full of water. The autumn rolls into Late autumn or Hemanto, which is the seasons of dew. Harvesting of crops begins soon. The golden paddy in the fields creates in the minds of the peasants many happy dreams. From mid-November to early January, the weather becomes more arid and less humid. The earth dries and dust forms. Warm clothes are pulled out. Young people play tennis, football, cricket and golf. The coolest days are from mid-December to February when the days are golden with light, the flowers are blooming and the nights and early mornings are chilly. Night guards wrap themselves up in shawls and blankets with scarves and hats are pulled down over their ears. 2. 5. The potential travel and tourism services in Bangladesh 2. 5. 1. The potential of the tourism industry The tourism industry is quite a young line of business in Bangladesh, where the development predominantly has been left to the local market forces. Today this market has both local and international tourist players competing for the small existing market, primarily composed of a local tourist market and a foreign business market. Bangladeshi government and private tourist sector are represented by organisations, nevertheless co-operation, strategies and policies aiming at developing a prosperous and sustainable tourist industry are rare – and not always implemented if they exist . To develop the Bangladeshi tourism industry successfully a local based strategy is crucial – without visions, missions, goals and policies for this line of business the development is largely uncontrolled. Here by there is a possibility that an undesired or destroying tourist development takes place, often being influenced by powerful foreign tourist players. . 5. 2. Future tourist demand Bangladesh is part of South Asia, which also includes Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. This major region is the most under represented region in tourism terms, with 23 per cent of the world’s population but less than 1 percent of staffers. We have lots of natural elements. We need to care our nature. We h ave lots of opportunities to increase our tourist demand. We can introduce our self as a tourist country. We have longest beach and mangrove forest and lots of natural elements of beauty. We can advertise our self as a most beautiful country in world 3. 1. Conclusion: It is not possible to describe the beauty of Bangladesh in some paper. We have lots elements of our natural beauty. I hope I will never find any country as Bangladesh. Reference http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Bangladesh http://www. thedailystar. net/newDesign/news-details. php? nid=177974 http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Sundarbans http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Jamuna_Bridge http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Paddy_field http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Pohela_Baishakh http://www. virtualbangladesh. com/ ttps://www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bg. html http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/world-south-asia-12650940 http://thequeenofnaturalbeauty. blogspot. com/2009/03/bangladesh. html#comments.. watch http://thequeenofnaturalbeauty. blogspot. com/2009/03/bangladesh. html#comments.. watch http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Cox's_Bazar http://www. discovercoxsbazar. com/coxs-bazar-the-longest-sea-bea ch-in-the-world. html http://www. discoverybangladesh. com/meetbangladesh/coxbazar. html http://www. sundarbanmannada. com/ http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Sundarbans Daily star New age